when it comes to chemistry, there are all kinds of glass instruments, as well as for chemists in the 18th and 19th centuries. However, many of the instruments used then looked different from what they are now. Today, let's enjoy a set of old glassware, which are now lying quietly in the museum.

the first was a glass instrument invented by Dr. John John Mervyn Nooth in 1774 to make water rich in carbon dioxide. In those days, doctors thought that this "carbon dioxide water" could cure a variety of diseases, such as scurvy (of course, it doesn't make any sense now).

the following complex glass equipment should belong to chemist Edward Frankland (Edward Frankland,1825-1899), who may have used this instrument to obtain different components (fractionation) in volatile liquids.

(there seems to be a shadow of a spherical condensing tube, but I don't seem to understand it. The device below is a Soxhlet extractor from 1885, which is still in use today. We used Soxhlet extractor to extract caffeine from tea in class. During the extraction process, the solvent in the lower bottle is constantly heated to steam, then condensed back to the liquid through the sample and back down, so that the solvent can pass through the sample repeatedly, thus dissolving as much of the extract as possible.

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(except for the condenser tube, this set looks not different from today's instruments)

this is a Binks burette. The dripping of this eyedropper is controlled by blocking the small hole on the upper left by the thumb.

A piece of distillation equipment used in the 19th century, the exact source and manufacturer of which are unknown.

this kind of distillation equipment is still very classic, and you can find a similar icon in emoji:

finally put the most interesting one: potash ball (Kaliapparat), invented by German chemist Liebich. The device is equipped with potassium hydroxide solution and can be used to determine the carbon content of organic matter. (read more: triangles, five balls, this is perhaps the strangest chemical instrument)

A funny thing is that the Royal Chemical Society first posted a request for help on Twitter. I hope you can help the museum staff to recognize what the above thing is for. As a result, the next Chemical and Chemical News (C& EN) retweeted: my friend, this thing is available on the logo of the American Chemical Society

. This is the logo of the American Chemical Society. There are not only potash balls on it, but also designed by Tiffany. Although it is really impossible to see _ (: potash "∠) _

, it feels that at that time, many glass experimental instruments reflected the ingenuity of hand-blown glass, but now in the case of large-scale production. Many complex blowing structures will no longer be used.

Source and instrument Photo Source: http://www.rsc.org/news-events/community/2018/jan/chemglass/